<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><rss xmlns:atom='http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom' xmlns:openSearch='http://a9.com/-/spec/opensearchrss/1.0/' xmlns:georss='http://www.georss.org/georss' xmlns:thr='http://purl.org/syndication/thread/1.0' version='2.0'><channel><atom:id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2834001958099464204</atom:id><lastBuildDate>Mon, 26 Apr 2010 01:37:51 +0000</lastBuildDate><title>Bing's Haus of Soft, Creative Non-Violent Playthings</title><description></description><link>http://www.bingshaus.org/</link><managingEditor>noreply@blogger.com (Jack)</managingEditor><generator>Blogger</generator><openSearch:totalResults>30</openSearch:totalResults><openSearch:startIndex>1</openSearch:startIndex><openSearch:itemsPerPage>25</openSearch:itemsPerPage><item><guid isPermaLink='false'>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2834001958099464204.post-6638610910020443402</guid><pubDate>Mon, 26 Apr 2010 01:37:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2010-04-25T21:37:51.157-04:00</atom:updated><title>This blog has moved</title><description>&lt;br /&gt;       This blog is now located at http://blog.bingshaus.org/.&lt;br /&gt;       You will be automatically redirected in 30 seconds, or you may click &lt;a href='http://blog.bingshaus.org/'&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;       For feed subscribers, please update your feed subscriptions to&lt;br /&gt;       http://blog.bingshaus.org/feeds/posts/default.&lt;br /&gt;  &lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2834001958099464204-6638610910020443402?l=www.bingshaus.org' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://www.bingshaus.org/2010/04/this-blog-has-moved.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Jack)</author><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink='false'>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2834001958099464204.post-5431752399807578742</guid><pubDate>Sat, 06 Mar 2010 12:30:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2010-03-06T07:30:25.914-05:00</atom:updated><title>Looking for Posterous blogging advice...</title><description>&lt;div class='posterous_autopost'&gt;I&amp;#39;m thinking Posterous has the feature set I want for mobile blogging, but I am plagued by a known Adobe flash bug that crashes my own computer every time I try to look at my posts.  Anyone got any ideas of a better platform, or a means or working around the Adobe crash?  &lt;a href="http://www.Posterous.com"&gt;www.Posterous.com&lt;/a&gt; &lt;p style="font-size: 10px;"&gt; &lt;a href="http://posterous.com"&gt;Posted via email&lt;/a&gt;  from &lt;a href="http://bingshaus.posterous.com/looking-for-posterous-blogging-advice"&gt;Bings Haus (posterous)&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt; &lt;/div&gt;  &lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2834001958099464204-5431752399807578742?l=www.bingshaus.org' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://www.bingshaus.org/2010/03/looking-for-posterous-blogging-advice.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Jack)</author><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink='false'>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2834001958099464204.post-1644930939728798091</guid><pubDate>Wed, 11 Mar 2009 00:08:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2009-03-10T20:57:15.253-04:00</atom:updated><title>Jury Duty</title><description>Ack!  I just got summoned for jury duty again. Last time it was two-days with a peeping tom. Can't wait to see what I draw this time.&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2834001958099464204-1644930939728798091?l=www.bingshaus.org' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://www.bingshaus.org/2009/03/ack-i-just-got-summoned-for-jury-duty.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Jack)</author><thr:total>2</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink='false'>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2834001958099464204.post-4217651742471999344</guid><pubDate>Wed, 11 Mar 2009 00:05:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2009-03-10T20:06:27.628-04:00</atom:updated><title>Happy Birthday Bix</title><description>Happy Birthday to &lt;a href="http://tinyurl.com/BixLives" target="_blank"&gt;Bix Beiderbecke&lt;/a&gt;, who would've been 106 today.&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2834001958099464204-4217651742471999344?l=www.bingshaus.org' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://www.bingshaus.org/2009/03/happy-birthday-bix.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Jack)</author><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink='false'>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2834001958099464204.post-5197108598716744977</guid><pubDate>Sun, 31 Aug 2008 16:29:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2008-08-31T12:52:15.304-04:00</atom:updated><title>"F" as in Fat</title><description>&lt;a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://www.1lesscar.com/stickers/pfao.html" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;img style="float:right; margin:0 0 10px 10px;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 150px;" src="http://bingshaus.org/images/pyfao.jpg" border="0" alt="" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;We, as a society, have so many tools in our arsenal to fight obesity.  Obviously, my favorite is cycling.  Transportational or Utility cycling addresses so many of the challenges and problems we face as a nation that its disheartening to me that more people don't see it.  Obesity is but one.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://healthyamericans.org/reports/obesity2008/Obesity2008Report.pdf" target="_blank"&gt;The 5th annual &lt;u&gt;F as in Fat&lt;/u&gt; report (PDF)&lt;/a&gt; from the Trust for America's Health and the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation shows that obesity increased in 37 states this past year.  My home, North Carolina, is one of 19 states to show an increase for the third consecutive year. Goodie for us. &lt;*sigh*&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Do you see the numbers on your scale creeping upward?  Are your clothes getting a little snug?  I can't encourage you enough to get on your bike and &lt;a href="http://pedalyourfatassoff.blogspot.com/" target="_blank"&gt;PYAO&lt;/a&gt;.  Its fun, and it works.&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2834001958099464204-5197108598716744977?l=www.bingshaus.org' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://www.bingshaus.org/2008/08/f-as-in-fat.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Jack)</author><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink='false'>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2834001958099464204.post-4804328325588170827</guid><pubDate>Mon, 16 Jun 2008 17:00:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2008-06-16T13:00:01.123-04:00</atom:updated><title>With gas prices soaring...</title><description>I feel like I've heard or read that phrase 200 times in the last few months as the media takes note of the recent rise in bike commuting. Articles from news sources around the country confirm that sales of bikes (particularly those well-suited for utility cycling), commuting accessories and maintenance are up.  Even the Today Show gave 3 minutes to bike commuting a couple weeks ago.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The news coverage certainly can't hurt.  Reporting about people adding utility cycling to their lives, whether to work or to the store, will serve to de-marginalize utility cycling.  And the increase in ridership will do the same as motorists will be more likely to empathize with a cycling community that now includes their neighbor, co-worker, fellow parishoner or family member.  This improved perception of cyclists and utility cycling can lead to a greater committment by governments to fund projects that support human-powered transportation options.  We may very well be at the edge of a really wonderful positive feedback loop.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Here are a few references in case you've missed the buzz:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://bikecommutetips.blogspot.com/" target="_blank"&gt;Paul Dorn always does a superb job of blogging about bike commuting news stories.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/nationworld/chi-bike-surge_bdjun15,0,129187.story" target="_blank"&gt;Chicago Tribune, June 14&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/21134540/vp/24888415#24888415" target="_blank"&gt;Today Show, May 30&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2834001958099464204-4804328325588170827?l=www.bingshaus.org' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://www.bingshaus.org/2008/06/with-gas-prices-soaring.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Jack)</author><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink='false'>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2834001958099464204.post-5742332343788496554</guid><pubDate>Sun, 15 Jun 2008 13:30:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2008-06-18T13:35:01.832-04:00</atom:updated><title>What a pedestrian/bicycle bridge on the East Coast Greenway looks like</title><description>On a recent trip, I came across this pedestrian/bicycle bridge on a northern section of the &lt;a href="http://www.greenway.org/" target="_blank"&gt;East Coast Greenway&lt;/a&gt;.  &lt;a href="http://www.bullcityrising.com/2008/04/american-tobacc.html" target="_blank"&gt;As we in Durham consider&lt;/a&gt; the future of our own pedestrian/bicycle bridge over the Greenway (&lt;a href="http://www.durhamnc.gov/departments/works/project_am_tob_trail.cfm" target="_blank"&gt;American Tobacco Trail Phase E&lt;/a&gt;), I figured it'd be relevant to snap a few photos.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://bingshaus.org/images/ecgwBridge.jpg"&gt;&lt;img style="margin: 0pt 0pt 10px 10px; float: right; cursor: pointer; width: 200px;" src="http://bingshaus.org/images/ecgwBridge.jpg" alt="" border="0" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;This bridge goes over an entry ramp to US-1 which means its has far less traffic than the section of I-40 where the &lt;a href="http://www.triangletrails.org/ATT.HTM" target="_blank"&gt;American Tobacco Trail&lt;/a&gt; will cross.  The only thing I can tell you that isn't captured in the photos is that its pretty loud.  I was surprised.  If this small bridge is any indication of what the experience crossing the ATT Phase E bridge will be, I don't think we need to be building a bridge on which someone will want to meander or stop for a break. We'll want this to be a bridge the gets people from point A to point B safely and effectively and provides them pleasant areas on either side.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/14176987@N05/sets/72157605625975927" target="_blank"&gt;Photos of the Pedestrian/Bicycle Bridge near Brunswick, ME&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://maps.google.com/maps/ms?ie=UTF8&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;msa=0&amp;amp;msid=100278623098889129805.00044fb3f77093a6fcaa7&amp;amp;ll=43.912154,-69.914761&amp;amp;spn=0.001673,0.003326&amp;amp;t=k&amp;amp;z=18" target="_blank"&gt;Bridge location on Google Maps&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2834001958099464204-5742332343788496554?l=www.bingshaus.org' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://www.bingshaus.org/2008/06/what-pedestrianbicycle-bridge-over-east.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Jack)</author><thr:total>1</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink='false'>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2834001958099464204.post-3283810493280887072</guid><pubDate>Tue, 20 Nov 2007 17:21:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2007-11-20T12:30:07.853-05:00</atom:updated><title>Fixit - Fix your bike yourself</title><description>&lt;img style="margin: 0pt 0pt 10px 10px; float: right; cursor: pointer; width: 128px;" src="http://www.bingshaus.org/images/limitScrews-th.jpg" alt="" border="0" /&gt;The &lt;a href="http://www.practicalpedal.com/" target="_blank"&gt;Practical Pedal&lt;/a&gt; has launched a new section called "&lt;a href="http://practicalpedal.com/fixit/" target="_blank"&gt;Fixit&lt;/a&gt;" with maintenance tips and info promised weekly.  They've setup a few tags, including "General Maintenance" and "Pro Tips," so I expect to see a decent range of info here, and mention of accompanying video was made in the PP comments.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Chances are, a lot of the information on &lt;a href="http://practicalpedal.com/fixit/" target="_blank"&gt;Fixit&lt;/a&gt; will be old hat to a lot of commuters and weekend warriors.  But there are a lot of us who are still evolving our cycling lives. Having made the move to the bike as a mode of transportation, we're now ready to add a little self-sufficiency to the mix.  The first article on chain maintenance is key for someone who is just starting to ride their bike enough the justify having their chain cleaned more than seasonally.  And the current article, on derailleur adjustment, is exactly the kind of info I am looking for to start making some the tweaks that can smooth out the everyday ride.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Fixit is written with a friendly tone, focusing on important aspects of the fix and leaving the minutae to the various online forums (e.g. chain maintenance is important, but don't stress over the dizzying array of lubes available).  There are, of course, already a lot of sites with bike maintenance info, but &lt;a href="http://practicalpedal.com/fixit/" target="_blank"&gt;Fixit&lt;/a&gt; looks like it will be a good addition to your bookmarks and RSS feeds.&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2834001958099464204-3283810493280887072?l=www.bingshaus.org' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://www.bingshaus.org/2007/11/fixit-fix-your-bike-yourself.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Jack)</author><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink='false'>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2834001958099464204.post-4243235012341852533</guid><pubDate>Wed, 14 Nov 2007 17:54:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2007-11-14T13:07:48.316-05:00</atom:updated><title>ATT Pedestrian/Cyclist Bridge over I-40 - Your Feedback is Needed</title><description>There has been a lot of buzz within the local bike/pedestrian community about the American Tobacco Trail bridge over I-40.  The first public meeting for the bridge project was held last night at City Hall and was a success.  Organizers were hoping 60 people would attend, the city estimates the attendance was actually over 110.  Bill Bussey of &lt;a href="http://www.triangletrails.org/" target="_blank"&gt;Triangle Rails-to-Trails&lt;/a&gt; was counting, but I haven't heard how accurate 110 is.  And, to top it all off, the brownies were pretty good too.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;There's an &lt;a href="http://www.bullcityrising.com/2007/11/city-project-te.html" target="_blank"&gt;excellent summary at Bull City Rising&lt;/a&gt;, so I'm not going to spend time re-typing it.  Tanner Lovelace made a comment at BCR that echoed my thoughts exactly. Architect/Engineer Steven Grover really seems to get it.  He went to great lengths to illustrate that great bridges don't necessarily require a lot of money, nor do they need to be "flashy."  They need to meet the aesthetic goals of the community, make sense in context, and function effectively.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;But the degree to which form is measured against function is up to us.  Grover re-iterated numerous times the importance of stakeholder feedback in designing this bridge.  Quite simply, he's from California.  He'll learn what he can about the area, but the project is best-served with copious, robust input from those of us who will actually be using the bridge.  And, at a more practical level, this is an expensive project, we need to make sure its done right and he is committed to doing so.  But, again, "right" is up to us.  I'm linking to StevenGrover.com below where you can download a PDF of his portfolio.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The city handed out a survey last night, and it is also available online at the city's website. Please take the time to download and complete the survey and return it to Byron Brady in Public Works at the address on the bottom of the survey.  Mr. Brady asks that the form be returned by Tuesday Nov 27, so fill it out over your long Thanksgiving weekend and drop it in the mail Monday the 26th.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.bullcityrising.com/2007/11/city-project-te.html" target="_blank"&gt;Bull City Rising post, "City, project team provide ATT Phase E / I-40 bridge update"&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.durhamnc.gov/departments/works/project_am_tob_trail.cfm" target="_blank"&gt;City of Durham "ATT Phase E" webpage&lt;/a&gt;, which includes links to the meeting overview, the survey and the project maps.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.stevengrover.com/" target="_blank"&gt;Steven Grover Associates&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2834001958099464204-4243235012341852533?l=www.bingshaus.org' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://www.bingshaus.org/2007/11/att-pedestriancyclist-bridge-over-i-40.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Jack)</author><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink='false'>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2834001958099464204.post-1871923705784593444</guid><pubDate>Mon, 05 Nov 2007 02:02:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2007-11-04T21:12:00.591-05:00</atom:updated><title>The bicycle is the most efficient vehicle</title><description>I caught this post a couple weeks ago on &lt;a href="http://www.treehugger.com/" target="_blank"&gt;TreeHugger&lt;/a&gt;.  For me, this is a bit of preaching to the choir, I know, but I simply can't resist.  The original post came from &lt;span&gt;Transport &amp;amp; Mobility Leuven in Belgium.  I don't know anything about them, so I have no idea how much credibility to attribute to them, but (again), this is a matter of faith for me.  :-)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;Did you know that the bicycle is the most energy efficient transportation mode? It is 3 times more efficient than walking, 5 times more efficient than using the train and 15 to 20 times more efficient than driving a car.&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.treehugger.com/files/2007/10/quote_of_the_da_9.php" target="_blank"&gt;TreeHugger post&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.tmleuven.be/newsletter/200710newsletter.htm" target="_blank"&gt;Transport &amp;amp; Mobility Leuven article&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2834001958099464204-1871923705784593444?l=www.bingshaus.org' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://www.bingshaus.org/2007/11/bicycle-is-most-efficient-vehicle.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Jack)</author><thr:total>1</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink='false'>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2834001958099464204.post-747361014018768544</guid><pubDate>Thu, 01 Nov 2007 01:41:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2007-10-31T21:51:43.570-04:00</atom:updated><title>Urban Velo Issue 4 Now Available</title><description>&lt;a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://urbanvelo.org/images_public/uv4_coversplash.jpg"&gt;&lt;img style="margin: 0pt 0pt 10px 10px; float: right; cursor: pointer; width: 200px;" src="http://urbanvelo.org/images_public/uv4_coversplash.jpg" alt="" border="0" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;The November issue of "Urban Velo," the self-described "reflection of the cycling culture in current day cities," is now available.  From their site:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;Contents include: Goldsprints, Winter Survival Guide, I Love Riding in the City, The Rise &amp;amp; Fall of a Bike Shop That Never Was, Ghana, Residue, Bike Fit, Ignorance is Bliss, Starting a Local Advocacy Organization Part III and No Exit.&lt;/blockquote&gt;Download it at &lt;a href="http://www.urbanvelo.org/download" target="_blank"&gt;UrbanVelo.org&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2834001958099464204-747361014018768544?l=www.bingshaus.org' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://www.bingshaus.org/2007/10/urban-velo-issue-4-now-available.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Jack)</author><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink='false'>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2834001958099464204.post-6944902075793433238</guid><pubDate>Thu, 01 Nov 2007 01:37:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2007-10-31T21:50:25.472-04:00</atom:updated><title>Happy Halloween</title><description>Most excellent pic from Phillip at &lt;a href="http://www.nicomachus.net/" target="_blank"&gt;Nicomachus.net&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://farm3.static.flickr.com/2291/1799775924_1e9615c2d7.jpg"&gt;&lt;img style="cursor: pointer; width: 320px;" src="http://farm3.static.flickr.com/2291/1799775924_1e9615c2d7.jpg" alt="" border="0" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2834001958099464204-6944902075793433238?l=www.bingshaus.org' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://www.bingshaus.org/2007/10/happy-halloween.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Jack)</author><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink='false'>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2834001958099464204.post-9058498197383063202</guid><pubDate>Mon, 22 Oct 2007 01:07:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2007-10-21T21:09:40.014-04:00</atom:updated><title>Cycle North Carolina, Fall 2007 Ride</title><description>&lt;a href="http://www.bingshaus.org/uploaded_images/Photo_093007_035-784403.jpg"&gt;&lt;img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_" style="margin: 0px 0px 10px 10px; clear: both; float: right;" alt="" src="http://www.bingshaus.org/uploaded_images/Photo_093007_035-784395.jpg" border="0" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;I finally got all of the pictures posted from Cycle North Carolina. I posted a handful of stories from Day 1, but trailed off after that. To be honest, as we hit the middle of the state, the terrain became a lot more familiar and felt a little less spectacular. Also, despite all the great folks we met along the way, there wasn't another Wild Woody's or Clifford O'Dell to be found. Most certainly, they're out there. They just didn't happen to appear on our path.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The trip had a lot of highlights in the 505 miles...&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;absolutely amazing people riding the event&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;3300 feet of climbing on Day 1&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;40 mph descents after all that climbing&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;some pretty decent wine in the Yadkin Valley, and awfully good beer from Natty Green's in Greensboro&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;vast wide-open skies with the most amazing clouds for miles and miles&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;an unparalleled greeting in Oak Ridge with the kids from Oak Ridge Elementary out by the road cheering us on&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;the story of Glencoe Mill and the history of North Carolina mill villages &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;SPEVCO and the "what the...?!?!" feeling I got when seeing them&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;the welcome signs from the kids from South Mebane Elementary&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;The Caddy Limo parked in front of a trailer with a "Gas Grass or Ass..." bumper sticker&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;the open-field screening of Breaking Away&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;holding on to the back of a line of great folks who pulled me in the last 30 miles of my first english century&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;hitting the 100 mile mark on the bridge over Albemarle Sound&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;And, finally, here are the pictures...&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://flickr.com/photos/14176987@N05/sets/72157602171970039/" target="_blank"&gt;My Flickr pics&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://flickr.com/photos/14176987@N05/sets/72157602171970039/show/" target="_blank"&gt;Slideshow version&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2834001958099464204-9058498197383063202?l=www.bingshaus.org' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://www.bingshaus.org/2007/10/cycle-north-carolina-fall-2007-ride_5168.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Jack)</author><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink='false'>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2834001958099464204.post-5317135574485129441</guid><pubDate>Sun, 14 Oct 2007 11:19:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2007-10-14T07:22:54.276-04:00</atom:updated><category domain='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#'>cnc</category><title>CNC posting delays</title><description>Whilst out on my cross-state adventure, I found myself in and out of mobile coverage and, consequently, in and out of bloggability.  And when I was "in," I was suitably behind in blogging and honestly, having so much fun just riding and hanging out, that I really wasn't motivated to keep up.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;So, more CNC pics and stories coming soon, and normal blogging to resume immediately.  Really.&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2834001958099464204-5317135574485129441?l=www.bingshaus.org' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://www.bingshaus.org/2007/10/cnc-posting-delays.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Jack)</author><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink='false'>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2834001958099464204.post-3347926036490638195</guid><pubDate>Tue, 02 Oct 2007 02:03:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2007-10-01T22:03:28.112-04:00</atom:updated><title>CNC Day 1: Moonlighting</title><description>&lt;div style="float: right; margin-left: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;"&gt; &lt;a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/14176987@N05/1470088719/" title="photo sharing"&gt;&lt;img src="http://farm2.static.flickr.com/1127/1470088719_ca0502b365_m.jpg" alt="" style="border: solid 1px #bababa;" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Its a Durham thing.&lt;br clear="all" /&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2834001958099464204-3347926036490638195?l=www.bingshaus.org' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://www.bingshaus.org/2007/10/cnc-day-1-moonlighting.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Jack)</author><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink='false'>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2834001958099464204.post-3563046682065166545</guid><pubDate>Tue, 02 Oct 2007 01:58:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2007-10-07T20:19:14.840-04:00</atom:updated><title>CNC Day 1: Clifford O'Dell</title><description>&lt;div style="float: right; margin-left: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;"&gt; &lt;a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/14176987@N05/1470930030/" title="photo sharing"&gt;&lt;img src="http://farm2.static.flickr.com/1238/1470930030_9d1b1829c8_m.jpg" alt="" style="border: solid 1px #bababa;" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;I met Clifford O'Dell today. There's lots to say about Clifford, more than Flickr will let me write in one post. In our brief 15 minute chat, we covered evil people, junkyards, ground water and the high price of Chuck Norris video tapes.  More when I get home...&lt;br clear="all" /&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2834001958099464204-3563046682065166545?l=www.bingshaus.org' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://www.bingshaus.org/2007/10/cnc-day-1-clifford-o.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Jack)</author><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink='false'>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2834001958099464204.post-8352618413208133144</guid><pubDate>Mon, 01 Oct 2007 02:06:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2007-09-30T22:06:32.977-04:00</atom:updated><title>CNC Day 1: CNC rolls into Laurel Springs</title><description>&lt;div style="float: right; margin-left: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;"&gt; &lt;a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/14176987@N05/1465167661/" title="photo sharing"&gt;&lt;img src="http://farm2.static.flickr.com/1019/1465167661_c6bcdf46bb_m.jpg" alt="" style="border: solid 1px #bababa;" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;...and took the town by storm.  I'm uploading pics of Wild Woodys General&lt;br /&gt;Store and the antique shop across the street now.&lt;br clear="all" /&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2834001958099464204-8352618413208133144?l=www.bingshaus.org' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://www.bingshaus.org/2007/09/cnc-day-1-cnc-rolls-into-laurel-springs.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Jack)</author><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink='false'>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2834001958099464204.post-7965759721087563025</guid><pubDate>Mon, 01 Oct 2007 01:45:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2007-10-08T06:24:15.791-04:00</atom:updated><title>CNC Day 1: Field of Squeams</title><description>&lt;div style="float: right; margin-left: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;"&gt; &lt;a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/14176987@N05/1465094405/" title="photo sharing"&gt;&lt;img src="http://farm2.static.flickr.com/1354/1465094405_309d75b41d_m.jpg" alt="" style="border: solid 1px #bababa;" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;First we came on some cool looking spiderwebs that people were stopping to take pictures of.  Then we came to a fence that looked full of webs.  Then we came to this.&lt;br clear="all" /&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2834001958099464204-7965759721087563025?l=www.bingshaus.org' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://www.bingshaus.org/2007/09/cnc-day-1-field-of-squeems.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Jack)</author><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink='false'>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2834001958099464204.post-3623699717090105275</guid><pubDate>Sun, 30 Sep 2007 20:07:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2007-10-07T20:21:53.262-04:00</atom:updated><title>CNC Day 1: Holy crap it's cold</title><description>My friends at The Weather Channel said to expect lows in the mid-50's overnight, but instead I woke up with ice on my rainfly.  They were off by 20+ degrees.  It's cold.  And the morning's descents added a pretty healthy wind chill to the mix.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Fortunately, as always, I over-packed. But this time it paid off. Unexpected heroes included my new Foxwear fleece pants and socks (thanks Lou!) and my Defeet wool arm and leg warmers.  I was pretty sure all of those would stay packed the whole trip, but the pants and socks were great around camp, and the wool warmers were indispensable for the first 20 miles and packed easily for the other 35.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Tonight shouldn't be as cold, but it doesn't matter if it does.  I'm covered.&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2834001958099464204-3623699717090105275?l=www.bingshaus.org' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://www.bingshaus.org/2007/09/cnc-day-1-holy-crap-its-cold.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Jack)</author><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink='false'>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2834001958099464204.post-7383562636688718981</guid><pubDate>Wed, 26 Sep 2007 21:19:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2007-09-26T17:19:45.375-04:00</atom:updated><title>Cycle North Carolina</title><description>&lt;div style="float: right; margin-left: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;"&gt; &lt;a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/14176987@N05/1444652342/" title="photo sharing"&gt;&lt;img src="http://farm2.static.flickr.com/1244/1444652342_9e131a6ed9_m.jpg" alt="" style="border: solid 1px #bababa;" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;I'll be on Cycle North Carolina next week, riding the state from the mountains to the coast over 7 days. I'll be blogging while I'm gone and sending pictures to Flickr.  You can use the link at the left to see all my CNC photos.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;I've heard CNC referred as "summer camp for adults," and the events planned for this year's ride seem to bear that out. I'll try to get some cycling in amongst the wine tastings. Stop by here next week to see if I make it.&lt;br clear="all" /&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2834001958099464204-7383562636688718981?l=www.bingshaus.org' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://www.bingshaus.org/2007/09/cycle-north-carolina_8335.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Jack)</author><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink='false'>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2834001958099464204.post-8041543506473291664</guid><pubDate>Wed, 26 Sep 2007 20:50:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2007-09-26T17:31:50.780-04:00</atom:updated><title>Yahoo! hates Durham (somebody needs to tell Oprah about this)</title><description>On signing up for a new Flickr account, I ran across this anomaly from our friends at Yahoo.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.bingshaus.org/uploaded_images/yahoohatesdurham-737530.jpg"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.bingshaus.org/uploaded_images/yahoohatesdurham-737527.jpg" alt="" border="0" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br clear="all"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;You can click to enlarge, or I can just tell you that I selected "I live in United States" in postal code 27713 and was told by Yahoo, "This postal code is not located in the country you selected." I got used to bringing my passport to get to and from Canadia, but am I gonna need it to get to Morrisville now?&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2834001958099464204-8041543506473291664?l=www.bingshaus.org' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://www.bingshaus.org/2007/09/yahoo-hates-durham-somebody-needs-to.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Jack)</author><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink='false'>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2834001958099464204.post-654850673218380046</guid><pubDate>Wed, 26 Sep 2007 20:35:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2007-09-26T17:32:04.884-04:00</atom:updated><title>Morrisville's Hooters-Bojangles Roundabout</title><description>I have absolutely no idea why this exists. Check it out on &lt;a href="http://maps.google.com/maps?ie=UTF8&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;ll=35.856309,-78.823109&amp;amp;spn=0.000939,0.001802&amp;amp;t=k&amp;amp;z=19&amp;amp;om=1" target="_blank"&gt;Google Maps&lt;/a&gt; (pre-Bojangles).&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://maps.google.com/maps?ie=UTF8&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;ll=35.856309,-78.823109&amp;amp;spn=0.000939,0.001802&amp;amp;t=k&amp;amp;z=19&amp;amp;om=1" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block;" src="http://www.bingshaus.org/uploaded_images/hootersRoundabout-786856.jpg" alt="" border="0" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2834001958099464204-654850673218380046?l=www.bingshaus.org' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://www.bingshaus.org/2007/09/hooters-bojangles-roundabout.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Jack)</author><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink='false'>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2834001958099464204.post-2987333885003987764</guid><pubDate>Wed, 26 Sep 2007 03:04:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2007-09-26T14:44:30.441-04:00</atom:updated><title>Uncle Junior was my flight attendant</title><description>&lt;center&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/35399658@N00/1441028494/" title="photo sharing"&gt;&lt;img src="http://farm2.static.flickr.com/1186/1441028494_31ebb0c683_m.jpg" class="flickr-photo" alt="Uncle Junior was my flight attendant" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/center&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2834001958099464204-2987333885003987764?l=www.bingshaus.org' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://www.bingshaus.org/2007/09/uncle-junior-was-my-flight-attendant.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Jack)</author><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink='false'>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2834001958099464204.post-4100029482223450784</guid><pubDate>Sun, 16 Sep 2007 15:01:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2007-09-26T17:29:37.192-04:00</atom:updated><title>The Steve Goodridge/Bruce Rosar Show</title><description>&lt;a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://www.bingshaus.org/uploaded_images/bikeClass-717544.jpg"&gt;&lt;img style="margin: 0pt 0pt 10px 10px; float: right; cursor: pointer;" src="http://www.bingshaus.org/uploaded_images/bikeClass-717542.jpg" alt="" border="0" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;I had the pleasure of attending the "LAB Road I for City Planners, Engineers and Police Officers" course taught by &lt;a href="http://www.humantransport.org/" target="blank"&gt;Steve Goodridge and Bruce Rosar&lt;/a&gt; a couple weeks ago. Avid Triangle cyclists likely know Steve and Bruce from their active participation on local, regional and world wide cycling advocacy listservs. They are staunchly in the Vehicular Cycling camp and aren't afraid to, on occasion, use emotionally-charged language in making their points. With that previous introduction to their feelings about vehicular cycling and bike-specific facilities, and knowing the intended audience for this course, I was looking forward to seeing the dynamic.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;It ended up being refreshingly uneventful. Steve and Bruce are are excellent teachers. Both are obviously extremely comfortable with the material, and are also adept at handling student questions, even challenging ones, with a positive, instructive demeanor. There were a couple times, for instance, when they addressed questions posed from a "&lt;a href="http://www.johnforester.com/Articles/Social/cycinf.htm" target="_blank"&gt;cyclist inferiority&lt;/a&gt;" perspective and provided positive-action answers, explaining how and why cyclists are able (and should feel able) to proceed confidently in all traffic scenarios.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Perhaps the greatest disappointment was the lack of turnout. Personally, I believe that cycling vehicularly is the right way for pedal-powered travellers to navigate traffic. Separated facilities often create intersections that are counter-intuitive to both cyclists and motorists and are, therefore, dangerous. And the "magic white line" bike lanes can give both cyclists and motorists a false sense of security, discouraging active sharing of the road. Govt representatives need to hear Steve and Bruce's messages regarding bicycle accident statistics and how the principles of VC make cycling safer for all vehicles. Getting the message delivered clearly will help municipalities make better decisions about whether to provide bike-specific facilities (almost certainly yes, for better or worse) and how to use real-world statistics and lessons-learned to design those facilities in such a way as to increase the overall road comfort level of cyclists.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;I was pleased, though, that of the six participants, the city of Durham was well-represented by its Bicycle-Pedestrian Coordinator, a City Planner and me from the Bike Ped Advisory Commission. Durham has a very active community of cyclists who use their bikes in at least some part for transportation. Hopefully having city reps in this class will ultimately lead to policies that will make Durham not just more bike friendly, but also better designed to support cycling vehicularly.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;Read more about &lt;a href="http://www.humantransport.org/bicycledriving/index.html" target="_blank"&gt;Bicycle Driving at HumanTransport.org&lt;/a&gt; and at &lt;a href="http://www.bicycledriving.com/" target="_blank"&gt;BicycleDriving.com&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Read more about &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vehicular_cycling" target="_blank"&gt;Vehicular Cycling on Wikipedia.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Read more about Effective Cycling on &lt;a href="http://www.johnforester.com/" target=" _blank="&gt;JohnForester.com&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Join the &lt;a href="http://groups.yahoo.com/group/durhambikeandped/" target=" _blank="&gt;Durham Bicycle &amp;amp; Pedestrian Yahoo! Group&lt;/a&gt; or the &lt;a href="http://lists.ibiblio.org/mailman/listinfo/rtp_bike_ped" target=" _blank="&gt;RTP Bike/Ped Listserv&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2834001958099464204-4100029482223450784?l=www.bingshaus.org' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://www.bingshaus.org/2007/09/steve-goodridgebruce-rosar-show.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Jack)</author><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink='false'>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2834001958099464204.post-7921897607873339783</guid><pubDate>Sun, 16 Sep 2007 15:01:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2007-09-26T17:26:36.245-04:00</atom:updated><title>Diane Ca-HOTTIE</title><description>&lt;a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://www.bingshaus.org/uploaded_images/catotti-759153.jpg"&gt;&lt;img style="margin: 0pt 0pt 10px 10px; float: right; cursor: pointer;" src="http://www.bingshaus.org/uploaded_images/catotti-759149.jpg" alt="" border="0" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;Ok, not really.* I just snicker like a teenager when I see one of her signs and that Wayne's World-ian phrase pops in my head. I just wish &lt;a href="http://bullshat.wordpress.com/" target="_blank"&gt;Blazer Manpurse&lt;/a&gt; were still around to utter it in proper context and with a straight face.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br clear="all"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-style: italic;font-size:85%;" &gt;*Or maybe she is. I really don't know and don't feel compelled to find out.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2834001958099464204-7921897607873339783?l=www.bingshaus.org' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://www.bingshaus.org/2007/09/diane-ca-hottie.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Jack)</author><thr:total>0</thr:total></item></channel></rss>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         